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Guideline 32


A provision affecting the legal value or status of another provision should unambiguously specify the result it intends to achieve and the date from which it takes place.

32.1. A jurisdiction should use a standard form for expressing provisions effecting the following modifications in legal value or status:
  • ratification (the regulation established through an international treaty is included in a municipal legal system);
  • conversion (a temporary ordinance is converted into a permanent Act);
  • delegification (a primary  legislative source is made susceptible to modification though administrative regulations);
  • reiteration (a temporary decree after the expiration date re-approved as a temporary decree, rather than being converted into an ordinary Act).
32.2. A jurisdiction should use a standard form also for expressing the following functional connections between provisions:
  • implementation (an Act implements a pre-existing provision);
  • application (an Act introduces provisions according to the requirements of a superior norm, as when a region applies a directive or issues a decree specifying the normative criteria stated by an Act);
  • recasting (an Act results from the rewriting of a pre-existing Act, while the topic remains the same);
  • republication (an Act is the republication in the Official Gazette of a pre-existing Act, but it is not an official legal document);
  • codification (an Act is the consolidated version of pre-existing legislation);
  • legislative delegation (an Act results from the Government’s exercise of a legislative power delegated by the Parliament).


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